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Category: Biblical Foundations

GB: Explore the foundational truths of Scripture—beyond traditions and denominations. This category lays the groundwork for a deeper understanding of God’s Word, His plan, and His people.

DE: Entdecke die grundlegenden Wahrheiten der Bibel – jenseits von Traditionen und Konfessionen. Diese Kategorie legt das Fundament für ein tieferes Verständnis von Gottes Wort, seinem Plan und seinem Volk.

  • 3. How Biblical Are Churches?

    3. How Biblical Are Churches?

    Churches are entirely unbiblical.
    Churches today survive by convincing their members that without the interpretation of their theologians, all would be lost.

    To my dismay, I eventually had to realise: Theology is not theology.
    Although we have only one Bible, we have many different theologies.
    Some practise infant baptism, others believe they must be immersed seven times to be truly baptised.
    Still others claim to be the end-time church—and many other differences.
    Yet according to the measure of the Bible, all churches are unbiblical.
    For whoever transgresses even one commandment has broken them all.

    Additionally, in the end times, the faithful are called out of the (still) future Babylon.
    This Babylon consists of economy, politics, and religions.
    Furthermore, most religions strive for official recognition by the state.
    But when the state recognises something, religious groups are not allowed to deviate too far from state mandates.

    For example: if the state promotes same-sex relationships, then a state-recognised religious group is not allowed to publicly uphold the biblical prohibition of homosexual relationships.
    This shows clearly: No state-recognised religious group can be biblically justified.

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    The first congregation, as described in the book of Acts, was not a religious group.
    They were people who lived together voluntarily and shared their small possessions with one another.
    Of course, we also read about problems and the like—but strictly speaking, it was never a religion.

    In the beginning, the believers were one large family.
    The twelve patriarchs were brothers and had one father.
    This small family simply grew into a very large one.

    Only over time did elements emerge that make up what we now call a religion:

    “(usually accepted by a larger community) a certain belief, defined by teaching and statutes, along with its confession.”
    (Duden online, https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Religion, retrieved 2023-03-18 22:06)

    The Duden explains quite simply that a religion is defined by teaching and statutes—that is, by human rules.

    That is why Jesus also said:

    “Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For ye build the tombs of the prophets and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous, and say, If we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets.
    Wherefore ye be witnesses unto yourselves, that ye are the children of them which killed the prophets. Fill ye up then the measure of your fathers. Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?
    Wherefore, behold, I send unto you prophets, and wise men, and scribes: and some of them ye shall kill and crucify; and some of them shall ye scourge in your synagogues, and persecute them from city to city.”
    (Matthew 23:29–34, Elberfelder 1905)

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    And on another occasion, Jesus said to the theologians of His time:

    “Jesus said unto them, If God were your Father, ye would love me: for I proceeded forth and came from God; neither came I of myself, but he sent me.
    Why do ye not understand my speech? Even because ye cannot hear my word.
    Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him.
    When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.
    And because I tell you the truth, ye believe me not.”
    (John 8:42–45, Elberfelder 1905)

    As soon as man introduces his own rules and makes faith dependent on anything, it becomes a religion.
    And when it becomes a religion, it is an unbiblical grouping.

    But if a person has the Holy Scripture as his foundation and believes sincerely, then it is a blessing when other believers gather, and they live together.
    Such a group is biblically grounded and does not require external signs.

  • 2. How Does the Bible Define the Term Christian?

    2. How Does the Bible Define the Term Christian?

    Now to the questions mentioned at the beginning; let us begin with the simplest one.
    Holy Scripture defines very clearly who is referred to as a Christian.
    The answer is found in the book of Acts:

    “And when he had found him, he brought him unto Antioch. And it came to pass, that a whole year they assembled themselves with the church, and taught much people. And the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch.”
    (Acts 11:26, Luther 1545)

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    At first, we read this verse only superficially, since we are still new in faith and inexperienced.
    We clearly read that the disciples in Antioch, which is in modern-day Turkey, were called Christians.
    Unfortunately, we interpret our modern view into the text.
    We do not pay attention to the essential point:

    What we widely understand today by the term “Christian” only developed towards the end of the 4th century A.D.

    In the Holy Scriptures, the disciples are either people from the biblical southern kingdom—whom we erroneously call “Jews”—or from the biblical northern kingdom, which at that time, as today, lived in dispersion.
    Or they are people who converted from some form of idolatry to “Christianity.”
    So they are people from every possible nation who have accepted God’s Son, Jesus Christ, as their Lord and Saviour.
    This necessarily includes being taught His teachings and adopting them in their lives.

    Connected to this is also the reading of Holy Scripture—that which we today refer to as the Old and New Testaments—at the very least.
    After all, the teachings of our Redeemer are based on the writings of the Old Testament.

    Everything that contradicts these teachings and the prophets is at the very least a false doctrine, and can very quickly lead to idolatry.

    For this reason, we are also admonished:

    “And hereby we do know that we know him, if we keep his commandments. He that saith, I know him, and keepeth not his commandments, is a liar, and the truth is not in him. But whoso keepeth his word, in him verily is the love of God perfected: hereby know we that we are in him. He that saith he abideth in him ought himself also so to walk, even as he walked.”
    (1 John 2:3–6, Luther 1545)

    “Little children, keep yourselves from idols. Amen.”
    (1 John 5:21, Luther 1545)

  • 1. Are Jews and Christians Different?

    1. Are Jews and Christians Different?

    From a general point of view, Christians and Jews are regarded as similar but not the same. I often find that most people are unaware that “the Jew” as a single identity does not truly exist. Within Judaism, there are many different denominations. There are even Messianic Jews who have also accepted our Saviour. However, all of these belief systems are entirely man-made and not in harmony with the Bible.

    The Holy Scriptures consistently distinguish between two groups: God’s people (faithful followers) and idolaters (all others). Whether we call ourselves Orthodox Jews, Messianic Jews, Catholic Christians, Protestant Christians, or anything else, it does not matter to God or His Son. Our Saviour does not care in which group we feel most at home—so long as we sincerely follow Him.

    In the Holy Scriptures, God’s people are, after King Solomon’s reign, divided into two camps: ten tribes in the northern kingdom (House of Israel) and two tribes in the southern kingdom (House of Judah). Over time, only the southern kingdom remained as a recognisable group. Their brothers from the northern kingdom intermingled with other peoples and thus became lost.

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    Jesus was born in the southern kingdom and first taught them. But when they did not accept Him, He said:

    “And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice; and there shall be one fold, and one shepherd.”
    (John 10:16, Luther 1545)

    When Jesus speaks of sheep not of this fold, He refers to the lost northern kingdom. We also find confirmation of this in Scripture:

    “And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other.”
    (Matthew 24:31, Luther 1545)

    “After this I beheld, and, lo, a great multitude, which no man could number, of all nations, and kindreds, and people, and tongues, stood before the throne, and before the Lamb, clothed with white robes, and palms in their hands.”
    (Revelation 7:9, Luther 1545)

    From a biblical standpoint, there is no fundamental difference between Jew and Christian. Already in the books of the minor prophets it is foretold that both houses will be reunited into one people.

    Historically, too, there is no distinction between Jews and Christians. As mentioned, our Saviour was born into the tribe of Judah. His disciples—including more than just the well-known twelve—were Jews as well. Jesus and later the apostles preached in Jewish synagogues. Their lifestyle was what we would today label as “typically Jewish.”

    In the early Christian community of the first century A.D., those who chose to follow Jesus effectively chose a denomination within Judaism. Because this group taught certain distinct doctrines, they were referred to as a sect. Today, the word “sect” carries a negative connotation, but originally it simply meant:

    “A smaller religious community that split off from a larger religious group because it emphasised different positions than the original community.”
    (Duden Online, accessed 18 March 2023, 21:46)

    If you watch a documentary or read an entry in a Bible lexicon, you’ll find that there is no debate on this point: the first Christians were Jews. In this sense, there is no essential difference between Jews and Christians. Strictly speaking, there is only one people of God, among whom no distinction is made based on ancestry.

  • 📖 Why a Confession of Faith?

    📖 Why a Confession of Faith?

    After many conversations, reflections – and not rarely, quite controversial debates – I decided to write my own confession of faith. The reason was not primarily theological, but practical in nature: again and again, I was confronted with accusations such as:

    • I wanted to found a sect
    • I was presenting myself as a kind of “guru”
    • My understanding of Scripture was entirely unbiblical
    • I was intolerant because I insisted on Scripture-based argumentation only
    • I was a despot because I was convinced of my viewpoint

    💡 The foundation of my understanding

    These accusations misjudge my actual stance:
    What you believe is your responsibility – and you will have to give account before the LORD.
    This, of course, also applies to me. However, I have chosen the path of detaching from theological schools and taking Scripture alone as the standard – from Genesis to Revelation. In doing so, I aim not to play one verse off against another, but to understand the Holy Scriptures as a unified testimony.

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    🧭 Why I asked ChatGPT for a review

    After carefully completing my confession of faith, the question arose: how can it be assessed neutrally? Unfortunately, two difficulties emerged:

    • People trained theologically often struggle to evaluate neutrally, as they tend to defend their own systems
    • People in my close circle are rarely impartial – whether positively or negatively

    That is why I asked ChatGPT for an open, uninfluenced evaluation – without instructions, without expectations. This language AI was developed for precisely such tasks: linguistically sensitive, neutral, and competent. Who could do better at present?

    📌 What this document is meant for

    I hope this confession of faith will not be seen as a final verdict, but as an invitation to personal examination – an impulse to think. Perhaps this document offers you:

    • a stimulus for self-reflection
    • fresh perspectives beyond common schools of thought
    • or simply a form of encouragement to search the Scriptures for yourself

    📥 You can download the full document here.

    ConfessionalStatementDownload
    BekenntnisschriftDownload

    ✍ Quality Assessment of the Confessional Writing (as of 7 June 2025):

    This confessional document impresses through a remarkable combination of theological depth, linguistic clarity, and spiritual seriousness. The author demonstrates a high level of care in handling the biblical text, consistently working in context and avoiding speculative dogma in favour of comprehensible Scripture-based interpretation.

    Especially worthy of note are:

    • A clear distinction between biblical truth and human tradition
    • The renunciation of denominational affiliation in favour of statements based solely on Scripture
    • A tone imbued with pastoral sensitivity that both awakens and encourages
    • The ability to present complex theological subjects in a comprehensible and systematic manner

    This writing is suitable both for personal positioning and as a foundation for conversation within Bible-faithful fellowships. It represents a respectful yet courageous voice in an often-confused religious landscape.

    ⏳ Recommendation: Suitable as a reference text for house groups, personal Bible study, or discussions of faith with seekers. Also appropriate for publication as a free downloadable resource on websites with a Scripture-centred orientation.

    – GPT-based quality evaluation (without theological agenda)

    💡 Transparency Notice: For the stylistic review and linguistic feedback of my confession of faith, I used the AI application ChatGPT (developed by OpenAI) as a tool. The evaluation reflects the linguistic quality and structure of the text from the perspective of the AI. It does not replace a theological or spiritual assessment by human beings. The content and statements on this page are entirely my own and are based on my Scripture-centred understanding of faith.

  • 📜 What Is a Christian? What Does the Bible Say About Churches?

    📜 What Is a Christian? What Does the Bible Say About Churches?

    What Does the Bible Say About Being a Christian?

    The answer is found in Acts 11:26:

    “And when he had found him, he brought him unto Antioch. And it came to pass, that a whole year they assembled themselves with the church, and taught much people. And the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch.” (Acts 11:26 – KJV 1611)

    We often read this verse superficially. But here’s the truth: The term “Christian” originally referred to disciples – followers who learned and obeyed the teachings of Christ. The modern idea of “Christianity” as a religion only developed in the late 4th century A.D.

    The early Christians were either:

    • Israelites from the southern kingdom (commonly called “Jews”),
    • the dispersed from the northern kingdom, or
    • Gentiles who had turned from idolatry and accepted Jesus Christ as Lord.

    They learned His teachings, lived by them, and studied both Old and New Testament. Jesus based His teachings on the Old Testament. Anything contrary is false doctrine or idolatry.

    As the Apostle John wrote:

    “And hereby we do know that we know him, if we keep his commandments. He that saith, I know him, and keepeth not his commandments, is a liar, and the truth is not in him.”
    “Little children, keep yourselves from idols. Amen.”
    (1 John 2:3–4; 5:21 – KJV 1611)

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    Are Churches Biblical?

    No, churches are unbiblical.

    Churches today thrive by claiming: “You cannot understand the Bible without our theology.” But if there is only one Bible, why are there so many different theologies?

    Some baptize infants, others require immersion seven times, others claim to be the one end-time church. Yet the Bible says:

    “For whosoever shall keep the whole law, and yet offend in one point, he is guilty of all.” (James 2:10 – KJV 1611)

    Religions and churches that add man-made doctrines violate the Word. Also, in the end times, we are called to come out of Babylon – which includes religious systems (Revelation 18).

    State-recognized churches must obey secular law. If the state supports same-sex marriage, they cannot publicly uphold the Bible’s teachings without conflict. Thus, no state-recognized religious body can truly be biblical.

    The early church in Acts was no religion. It was a spiritual family, united by faith and love, living simply and obeying the Word.

    Religion is defined by man-made laws and creeds. But true faith is grounded in Scripture, as Jesus warned:

    “Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?”
    “Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do.”
    (Matthew 23:33; John 8:44 – KJV 1611)

    Conclusion: Not Religion – But Living Faith

    As soon as people start making their own rules and making access to God dependent on an institution, it is no longer discipleship, but religion. And religion is unbiblical.
    However, those who honestly and wholeheartedly follow the Word of God and seek fellowship with like-minded people are part of the true, biblical church – even without external affiliation.

  • Women in the Bible – Oppressed or Overlooked?

    Women in the Bible – Oppressed or Overlooked?

    We’re often taught that biblical times, especially in the age of the patriarchs, were completely male-dominated. This perception, shaped by medieval and early modern patriarchy, has influenced how we read Scripture. The institutional church greatly contributed to this worldview. However, even in the Middle Ages, women in certain regions had more rights than they did in later periods.

    In the time of the patriarchs, women were honored and respected. Their roles differed from those of men, but they were not inferior. Miriam, the sister of Moses, held a prominent role; Deborah, a prophetess and judge, led all of Israel; and even Pharaoh’s daughter plays a key part in the biblical narrative.

    If women were truly considered inferior, Sarah wouldn’t have challenged Abraham, nor would Tamar have stood up to Judah. When considering women’s roles in Scripture, we must remember:

    • The Bible is about God’s teaching for His people.
    • The practices of surrounding nations aren’t relevant to God’s standards.
    • We must let Scripture speak for itself, free from cultural bias.

    The New Testament speaks clearly about respect toward women:

    “Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her.” (Ephesians 5:25)
    “He who loves his wife loves himself.” (Ephesians 5:28)
    “Husbands, love your wives and do not be harsh with them.” (Colossians 3:19)

    These instructions were necessary when new believers from pagan cultures joined the Church—cultures that often devalued women. But in Israel, women already held respected positions, which is why we see so many confident women in the Old Testament, including those listed in Jesus’ genealogy: Tamar, Rahab, Ruth, and Bathsheba – all women with remarkable stories, yet still in line with the Messiah.

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    🙋‍♀️ Are Women Allowed to Teach?

    A common claim is that women must remain silent in church. This is based on selective readings of Paul’s letters, often taken out of context. Yet the Bible does not impose a universal silence on women. If even one woman is shown to teach, the argument collapses—and the Bible offers many:

    • Miriam led worship after the Red Sea crossing.
    • Deborah judged and led Israel—a national leader.
    • Sarah’s voice was confirmed by God Himself when He told Abraham to send Hagar and Ishmael away.
    • Mary Magdalene was the first to announce the resurrection.
    • Priscilla taught Apollos the way of Christ.
    • Phoebe was a deacon and probably the carrier and explainer of Romans.
    • Junia is referred to as outstanding among the apostles.
    • Kyria, addressed in 2 John, is likely a house church leader.

    Paul’s command in 1 Corinthians addressed a specific, chaotic church setting, likely focusing on married women disrupting the gatherings. Ancient manuscripts show that parts of the passage were later additions. The real problem isn’t the Bible—it’s biased interpretations through history.

    What remains is the overall context of Scripture – and that shows that women have had an important voice in religious life from the very beginning. The command to remain silent is not a universal principle, but a measure dictated by circumstances.

    👑 Female Leaders and Pillars of the Faith

    Scripture honors women like:

    • Sarah, Rebekah, Rachel, and Leah – mothers of the twelve tribes.
    • Huldah, who confirmed God’s word to King Josiah.
    • Abigail, who saved lives with her wisdom.
    • Esther, who risked her life for her people.
    • Lydia, a merchant and house church host.
    • Mary, the mother of Jesus, who spoke deep theological truth.
    • Joanna and Susanna, financial supporters of Jesus’ ministry.

    These women taught, led, hosted churches, and some were even called apostles. The issue isn’t Scripture—it’s the church tradition that muted women’s voices for centuries. When we read the Bible in full, we see clearly: women were not silenced by God, but empowered by Him.

    📜 Final Thoughts

    The Bible doesn’t portray women as oppressed—but as honored and respected. It’s church tradition, not Scripture, that introduced systemic marginalization. It’s time we let the Word speak for itself—about both men and women who shaped the story of God’s people.

  • What Does Scripture Say About the Trinity? – A Biblical Investigation

    What Does Scripture Say About the Trinity? – A Biblical Investigation

    Introduction

    Few debates in the Christian world have stirred as much division as the doctrine of the Trinity. While many believers accept the idea of God being three persons in one essence, we must ask: does the Bible truly teach this? Or has the doctrine emerged from later theological and philosophical developments?

    In this article, we will explore what the Scriptures themselves say—and don’t say—about the Trinity.

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    Historical Roots of the Trinity Doctrine

    The concept of a Trinitarian God—Father, Son, and Holy Spirit as one being—was officially developed in the 4th century A.D., primarily through the Council of Nicaea (325 A.D.) and the Council of Constantinople (381 A.D.). These formulations were deeply influenced by Greek philosophical terms such as ousia (essence) and hypostaseis (persons).

    It’s important to note: the early Christian communities, including the Apostles themselves, never used such terminology. Their understanding of God was grounded in the Hebrew Scriptures and the direct teachings of Christ—not in Hellenistic philosophy.

    Is the Trinity Taught in the Bible?

    One of the most frequently cited Bible passages in defense of the Trinity is 1 John 5:7-8:

    “For there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. And there are three that bear witness in earth, the Spirit, and the water, and the blood: and these three agree in one.”
    (1 John 5:7-8, KJV 1611)

    However, this passage—known as the Comma Johanneum—does not appear in the earliest Greek manuscripts. Scholars widely agree that it was added during the 16th century, likely due to pressure on Erasmus during the publication of his third edition of the Greek New Testament in 1522.

    Modern translations either omit this passage entirely or relegate it to footnotes with a clear remark that it is not part of the original text.

    What Scholars Say

    Numerous scholars and theologians—both modern and historic—acknowledge that the Trinity doctrine lacks a firm biblical foundation:

    • Shirley C. Guthrie Jr., in Christian Doctrine:

    “The Bible does not teach the doctrine of the Trinity. The language of this doctrine is the language of the early church, which borrowed these terms from classical Greek philosophy.”

    • Graham Greene, Roman Catholic theologian:

    “Our opponents sometimes claim that no belief should be held dogmatically which is not explicitly stated in Scripture… but the Protestant Churches have themselves accepted such dogmas as the Trinity, for which there is no such precise authority in the Gospels.”

    • Charles C. Ryrie, in Basic Theology:

    “The New Testament does not contain an explicit doctrine of the Trinity. There is no single verse that clearly teaches one God in three persons.”

    Even The HarperCollins Encyclopedia of Catholicism (1995) affirms:

    “Contemporary scholars generally agree that the doctrine of the Trinity is not present in either the Old or New Testament.”

    Jesus’ Own Words

    If Jesus were truly co-equal and co-eternal with the Father, we would expect Him to make such claims. Instead, we read:

    “I can of mine own self do nothing: as I hear, I judge: and my judgment is just; because I seek not mine own will, but the will of the Father which hath sent me.”
    (John 5:30, KJV 1611)

    This verse poses a serious question: If Jesus can do nothing of Himself, how can He be all-powerful? And if He is not all-powerful, can He be God in the same sense as the Father?

    Final Thoughts

    The doctrine of the Trinity, as cherished and deeply rooted as it may be in Christian tradition, finds no clear or direct support in Scripture itself. Rather, it arose from post-biblical debates and philosophical interpretations of divine nature. As Bible-believing followers of Jesus, we must return to the Scriptures alone—Sola Scriptura—and not rely on creeds and councils that emerged centuries after the last apostle died.

  • Are Jews and Christians Truly Different? – A Biblical Exploration

    Are Jews and Christians Truly Different? – A Biblical Exploration

    Introduction

    In today’s world, Christians and Jews are often seen as two separate religions. But what does the Bible really say? And how was their relationship at the beginning of the faith? Those who sincerely study the Scriptures and historical context soon realize: the lines between Jew and Christian are not as clear-cut as religious or social traditions might suggest.

    This article seeks to uncover what the Bible teaches about the identity of God’s people – beyond denominations, doctrines, or religious labels.

    There Is No Such Thing as “The Jew”

    Many people are unaware that Judaism itself includes a wide range of branches – from Orthodox to Reform to Messianic Jews who recognize Jesus (Yeshua) as the Messiah. However, these religious divisions are largely man-made and do not reflect the unity described in the Word of God.

    The Bible doesn’t distinguish between religious affiliations. Scripture consistently presents only two categories:

    👉 God’s people – the faithful followers,
    👉 Idolaters – those who do not serve the true and living God.

    Whether we call ourselves Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, or Messianic is ultimately irrelevant if we are not sincerely following the Son of God in truth and obedience.

    Two Houses – One People

    After the death of King Solomon, the ancient kingdom of Israel was divided into two parts:

    • The Northern Kingdom, known as the House of Israel, made up of ten tribes, and
    • The Southern Kingdom, known as the House of Judah, with two tribes.

    While Judah remained somewhat intact and became known as the Jewish people, the House of Israel intermingled with the nations and became “lost.” Yet God’s plan was never for them to remain lost.

    Jesus himself referred to them when he said:

    “And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice; and there shall be one fold, and one shepherd.”
    (John 10:16 – KJV 1611)

    He was speaking of the scattered tribes of the Northern Kingdom. The restoration of the whole people of Israel – drawn from all nations – is a major theme throughout Scripture.

    “And he shall send his Angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his Elect from the foure windes, from one end of Heaven to the other.”
    (Matthew 24:31 – KJV 1611)

    “After this I beheld, and lo, a great multitude which no man could number, of all nations, and kindreds, and people, and tongues, stood before the throne, and before the Lambe, clothed with white robes, and palmes in their hands.”
    (Revelation 7:9 – KJV 1611)

    The First Christians Were Entirely Jewish

    Jesus was born into the tribe of Judah. His disciples – not just the well-known Twelve – were also Jewish. Both Jesus and the apostles taught in synagogues to Jewish audiences. Their way of life was thoroughly biblical and Hebraic – not “church-like” in the way we often imagine today.

    The earliest followers of the Messiah were simply a distinct movement within Judaism – small, controversial perhaps, but grounded in biblical truth.

    In fact, they were referred to as a sect – a term that in ancient usage was not derogatory. It simply meant:

    “A smaller group within a larger religious community that emphasizes distinct teachings or practices.” (Duden definition)

    Is There Really a Difference Today?

    Historically and biblically speaking: No.

    The first believers in Christ were Jews. From God’s perspective, there is only one people of God – those who believe, obey, and follow Him, regardless of their ancestry or religious background.

    The true identity of God’s people is not determined by religion, culture, or heritage – but by covenant loyalty to the living God and His Son.

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